Extension Activities
Language Arts
You are a reporter at one of the following scenes. Write the story for your newspaper.
· The destruction of Ziavi · A day in Cape Coast Castle · A day on the slave ship · A day on a plantation · For a slave · For a slave owner · The day Teenie found out Tidbit was alive· Clay and the snake
Minor characters are often very important in the development of a story. How do the following characters influence the journey of Amari, Polly, and Tidbit? How do they balance some of the horror that had previously happened?
· Dr. Hoskins · Cato · Nathan · Fiona · Besa · The Spanish Soldier · Inez · Captain Menendez
Write a letter to one of the characters in the book explaining your feelings about the events in the story. What advice would you give Amari, or Polly, or Mrs. Derby, or Teenie or Besa? What would you say to Clay?
In journal form, write the life of Mrs. Derby for several months. Include details about
her inability to live her own life as she sees fit.
Imagine it is one year after the end of the novel. Create a conversation between the following characters:
· Polly to Amari · Amari to Polly · Amari to Tidbit
· Polly to Nathan · Amari to Inez
Write a biography of Clay Derby, focusing on his childhoodInclude details about his mother, his father, his stepmother, and his thoughts while growing up.OR Write a biography of Polly, focusing on her childhood. Include details about her mother, her father, and her thoughts while growing up.
Trace the story of one of the following characters. Imagine you are a reporter doing a story on one of their lives. Write everything you know, as well as whatever you can infer about the character in order to write your magazine article.
Besa · Clay · Teenie · Inez · Dr. Hoskins
Geography
Find a map of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida and trace the route that the three travelers might have taken as they walked from Columbia, South Carolina, to St. Augustine, Florida. How long would the trip have taken if they had been able to go by boat? What if they had been able to go by car?
History
Research the history of slavery in the United States. Look up the Triangle Trade and find out why selling human beings was one of the most profitable business ventures available.
All of Teenie's witticisms are authentic southern sayings. Look up the development of such sayings and how they reflect the culture of the south. Find out if the language patterns are racial or cultural in nature.
Writing Activities
POINT OF VIEW PAPER
* “ "Polly watched, fascinated, as the girl squirmed and screeched and babbled incoherently. Polly wondered if Negroes from Africa had feelings and intelligent thoughts, or if that gibberish they spoke was more like the screaming of monkeys or the barking of dogs. . . . . The young Master Derby carried a small whip, and he used it liberally to make Noah work faster. Polly noticed the slave breathed slowly and loudly, as if he were tense, but he made no attempt to stop the young man from hitting him. She was always amazed at how much abuse slaves took without it seeming to bother them. Perhaps they didn't feel pain the way others did--she wasn't sure."
Read the quotes above and explain how the point of view of the character who makes the observation influences the description. What is slanted about the descriptions given? Why is personal observation not always fair and unbiased? Use examples from the book to support your statements.
DESCRIPTIVE PAPER
* “ “The first path they traveled was the long road that led from their village to the big river several miles away. It seemed as if even the trees bowed their heads as they passed. The birds, normally full of chatter, were silent as the group marched past them for the last time. . . . . The sunset that evening was unlike any Amari had ever seen. The spirit of the copper sun seemed to bleed for them as it glowed bright red against the deepening blue of the great water. It sank slowly, as if saying farewell. The shadows deepened and darkness covered the beach."
Using the passage above as a guide, write a descriptive paper that uses sensory imagery. Use vivid verbs and powerful adjectives and adverbs as you write. Use as many of the senses as you can--sight, sound, smell, touch, taste--as well as deep, rich colors.
NARRATIVE PAPER
* " "Before she had a chance to absorb it all, a man dragged her to what looked like a goat pen. A fire burned brightly in the center of it, even though the day was very warm, and the man was steering her toward it, Amari realized with fear. Was she going to be cooked and eaten now? Why couldn't she have died with her family? she thought wildly. Panicked, she tried to pull away from the man, but his grip only tightened."
Write a narrative paper from the point of view of a slave who cannot speak the language of his captors and who does not understand what is going on or why. Tell their story as they try to grasp the enormity of what is happening to them.
RESEARCH PAPER
Choose one of the following research topics:
* 4a. "This be Fort Mose?" Amari asked, wanting to be absolutely sure they were in the right place. "Sure is, chile. Gracia Real de Santo Teresa de Mosé." "I done dream of this place," Amari said softly, "for very long time."
Fort Mose was a real place. Even though it is now underwater off the coast of Florida, it really did exist and it really did offer safe haven to runaways. Research as much as you can about the place and how it operated. Find out about the museums and historical locations that celebrate its existence.
* 4b. "Huge doors opened and they were led inside. The bright sunlight was suddenly gone, and she had to adjust her eyes to the dismal gloom inside the structure. It smelled to her of blood and death. She could hear terrifying wails that seemed to be coming from the walls of the place."
Cape Coast Castle is a real place. Its remains still stand on the coast of Ghana, West Africa. Look up all you can on the castle. Find out about the cells, the number of slaves kept there, and what happened to those who passed through those gates.
* 4c. "Polly had never been this far from the big house. She had heard of the rice fields, but she stood amazed at what she saw. Two dozen black men and women, knee-deep in thick mud, bent over the delicate-looking rice plants. There was no shade anywhere, and Polly could see thick rivulets of sweat running down their faces. They moved slowly, joylessly."
Rice played an important role in the lives of the people on the plantation. Research the development of the rice crop in South Carolina and how it increased the need for slavery. Explain what it was necessary to bring in a rice crop
EXPOSITORY PAPER
* “Amari shuffled in the dirt as she was led into the yard and up onto a slightly raised wooden table, which she realized gave the people in the yard a perfect view of the women who were to be sold. She looked at the faces in the sea of pink-skinned people who stood around pointing to them and jabbering in their language as each of the slaves was described. She looked for pity or even understanding, but found nothing but cool stares. They looked at her as if she were a cow for sale.”
Write an expository (explanatory) paper on slave auctions and how they were carried out. Tell about the financial and economic gains that slavery brought to the buyers and sellers.
COMPARISON PAPER
* “I think we have arrived in a backwards world--where black skins are few and not respected, and pale skins seem to rule," Amari commented quietly.
* "Polly looked back at the slave sale. The women were wailing and acting as if something terrible was happening to them. Polly snorted and turned away. Living here in the colonies had to be better than living like a savage in the jungle. They ought to be grateful, she thought. She thought of the Negroes she'd known as a child--well-fed and happy slaves, with no worries about finding employment. No, she had no sympathy."
Write a paper that compares the subject of slavery from the slaves' points of view to slavery from the point of view of the dominant culture.
PERSUASIVE PAPER
* "So why should I endure this? Why did you not let me just die in there?" Amari cried out.
"Because I see a power in you." Afi lifted her shackled wrist and reached over to touch Amari. "You know, certain people are chosen to survive. I don't know why, but you are one of those who must remember the past and tell those yet unborn."
* "Teenie touched Amari gently on her head, "You got a strong spirit, Myna."
Amari just shrugged. She could see no reason for having such a strong spirit, nor could she see any hope in her future. She just survived each day. However, she couldn't help but think of Afi, who kept her alive during the horrors of the voyage to this place by telling her the same thing."
Write a persuasive paper that argues ONE of the following points:
"All human beings are given strong spirits in order to withstand the difficulties of life."
"Only certain individuals are given the strength of spirit needed to endure the difficulties of life."
"Certain individuals are chosen to survive to tell of the past to the next generation."
Whether you agree or disagree, your paper should address only one side of the issue. Use specifics from the novel to support your points.
CHARACTER SKETCH
Write a character sketch of Tidbit-what made him unique-his personality, his charm, his love of life. Use specifics from the book to illustrate your points.
POETRY
* Polly pulled a leaf from an oak tree. "Freedom is a delicate idea--like a pretty leaf in the air--it's hard to catch, and may not be what you thought when you get it," she observed quietly.
* "Freedom not big. Freedom not pretty," Amari declared. "But freedom sure do feel good."
Write a poem about one of the following topics, or any topic of your choosing that seems to fit the themes of the novel:
· The Power of Hope
· Broken Mind, Broken Spirit
· Unbroken Mind, Unbroken Spirit
· Unlikely Friends
· The Beauty of Small Things
· The Middle Passage
· Death in the Night
· A Moment of Silence
· Glory Days
An excerpt from Countee Cullen's poem "Heritage" is printed in the front of the book. Find a copy of the entire poem and discuss it in the context of the novel. Write a paper on the life and poetry of Countee Cullen.
Vocabulary-Define the following from the context of the novel:
· Cassava
· Fufu
· Kente cloth
· Ewe tribe
· Ashanti tribe
· Shackles
· Coffle
· Middle Passage
· Indenture
· Colony
· Auction
· Chattel
· Manacles
· Persecution
· Prejudice
· Discrimination
· Servitude
· Trafficking
Cited Resource: Permission to use website discussion guide granted by Sharon M. Draper
Further Discussion and Dialogue on the Subject of Slavery and Freedom:
1. A student recently said, "I don't care about slavery. That happened a long time ago, and I don't want to think about it in my life today. It is no longer important." What do you think about that statement? Tell why you agree or disagree. What would you tell that student if you had the chance to have a conversation?
2. Students in the United States enjoy lots of freedom. List some of the freedoms that you enjoy. Were these privileges always available to everyone? What might someone have had to do in order to make sure you have these freedoms? How does that make you feel about the privileges you enjoy?
3. Think back to when you were born. From that time to today is your history, and it is important. You learned, you made mistakes, and you grew. Discuss the importance of knowing your own personal history. Why is it important to study historical information of a country or a people? Why can't the past simply be ignored?
4. What happens if a rule or a law or a practice in a country is immoral or wrong? Who decides if it is right or wrong? What is done to change that law or rule or practice? How does one decide what to do?
5. Slavery was a period of extreme degradation of one group of people by another. What do you think were the short-term and long-term effects of slavery on both groups?
6. Discuss the destruction of slave families as people were bought and sold with no regard to their family structure. When slavery ended, what was the long-range result of this family destruction?
7. How many people were sold as slaves inside the United States between 1700 and the end of the Civil War? (estimated) What was the long-tern result of that process?
8. Research advertisements for the sale of slaves during the internal slave trade. Analyze their impact on slaves.
9. Explain how was slavery was an integral force in the shaping of American history.
10. The Emancipation Proclamation ended slavery but did it end discrimination? Discuss discrimination as it exists in our world today.
Cited Resource: Permission to use website discussion guide granted by Sharon M. Draper
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